Expanded shale aggregate was used to produce lightweight concrete for all the precast components in the main stadium bowl structure of the Wellington Stadium in New Zealand. According to the Expanded Shale Clay and Slate Institute, as the structure is located in close proximity to active earthquake fault lines, an innovative seismic damping system was used to ensure that the structure is not subjected to high ductility demands. Lightweight concrete, with a density of 1850 kg/m3, reduced the seismic loads and offered a number of other design and construction advantages for the difficult site conditions.
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